ABSTRACT
It is essential to assess the corneal thickness in diabetes patient.Introduction: diabetes mellitus is a major cause of blindness throughout the worldDiabetic retinopathy is the most importance given on day to day basics studies especially for ophthalmologist studied indicators in eye. However, functional oddities have been recognised in cornea too like changes in central corneal thickness.Objectives: 1. To estimate the central corneal thickness (CCT) of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients without diabetic retinopathy age/sex matched normal people. 2. To measure central corneal thickness (CCT) of type 2 diabetes mellitus patient with diabetic retinopathy with age/ sex matched normal person.Methods: This is a hospital based case control study.Expected Results: The central corneal thickness is more in type 2 diabetes patients than non-diabetic individual.
ABSTRACT
The Indian lac insect, Kerria lacca (Kerr) is an economically important insect yielding resin, dye and wax. Aprostocetus purpureus and Tachardiaephagus tachardiae are the two most important parasitoids of lac insect. Timely detection of the parasitoids infection is essential for their control. Host dissection and caging of adult lac insects are the existing methods for detection of parasitoids in lac culture. Host dissection is laborious, whereas caging helps to detect the presence of only adult but not immature stages of parasitoids. Hence in this study, a PCR based approach has been developed for detection of these two important parasitoids in lac insects. Primers were designed from the clustalW alignment of 18S rDNA sequences of parasitoids and lac insects. Subsequently, specificity of the primers was checked by PCR i.e., A. purpureus and T. tachardiae specific primers amplified only the respective parasitoid DNA but not lac insect and another parasitoid DNA. The PCR methods thus developed were also found to work with field collected infected lac insect samples and were able to differentiate infected lac insects from the uninfected ones.
ABSTRACT
Sixty bronchoalveolar lavage samples collected from lung cancer patients attending the Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases Unit of the Kasturba Medical College Hospital, Manipal; were cultured for both the aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Fifty nine samples yielded bacteria in pure culture. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (34.8%) was the commonest aerobe, Peptostreptococcus was the commonest anaerobe (45.2%) isolated. Bacteroides fragilis was isolated in (23.8%) of cases. Gentamycin was found to be effective against aerobes, Metronidazole and Rifampicin against anaerobes.
Subject(s)
Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification , Bacteria, Anaerobic/isolation & purification , Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid/microbiology , Female , Humans , Immunocompromised Host , Lung Neoplasms/microbiology , MaleABSTRACT
Until now studies on fungal colonization of gastric ulcers were retrospective involving small series of patients. This prospective study of 50 patients with gastric ulcers (25 benign and 25 malignant) revealed colonization by Candida in 17 (34%) cases. There was no significant difference in colonization between benign and malignant ulcers. Follow up revealed no difference in healing of ulcers with or without fungal colonization.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Candida/isolation & purification , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Stomach Ulcer/microbiologySubject(s)
Adult , Cryptococcosis , Female , Humans , Lung Diseases, Fungal , Male , Meningitis, Cryptococcal , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Onychomycosis caused by mould infection is rare. A 40 year old male patient presented with dystrophic finger nails and multiple, erythematous lesions with slightly raised borders and scaling all over the body. The patient was a known diabetic. He did not respond to griseofulvin. Samples from nails and skin scales were cultured. From the nails, Penicillium species and from the skin scales. Trichophyton rubrum were isolated. Ketoconazole therapy (200 mg twice daily x 4 mths) led to complete cure with negative cultures and normalization of nails.
Subject(s)
Adult , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Diabetes Complications , Griseofulvin/therapeutic use , Humans , Ketoconazole/therapeutic use , Male , Onychomycosis/complications , Penicillium , TrichophytonABSTRACT
Bile from 25 patients with obstructive jaundice was cultured for both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. Twenty one samples were positive for culture. Mixed bacterial growth was seen in 5 (20%) of the bile samples 25 aerobes and one anaerobic were isolated. Escherichia coli was the commonest aerobic isolate and Bacteroides fragilis was the single anaerobe isolated. Majority of the aerobes isolated were sensitive to gentamycin.
Subject(s)
Bacteria, Aerobic/isolation & purification , Bile/microbiology , Cholestasis/microbiology , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , HumansABSTRACT
During 1st week of post-operative period, a 28 year old female patient operated for left cerebellopontine angle tumor, continued to get fever. Lumbar puncture did not reveal any organisms. She responded to ciprofloxacin. Two months later, she was readmitted with signs and symptoms of meningitis. The CSF tapped on lumbar puncture grew Xanthomonas maltophilia, Gram negative bacilli, sensitive to various antibiotics, ciprofloxacin being one of them. The patient was given ciprofloxacin for 3 weeks. On follow up, a year later she was found to be asymptomatic.
Subject(s)
Adult , Cerebellar Neoplasms/surgery , Cerebellopontine Angle , Ciprofloxacin/administration & dosage , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Administration Schedule , Female , Humans , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Recurrence , Surgical Wound Infection/drug therapy , Xanthomonas/drug effectsABSTRACT
Two cases of unilateral corneal ulcers caused by Acanthamoeba are reported. Neither of the patients had contact lenses at any time. The diagnosis was confirmed by Giemsa stain and cultures of the corneal scrapings.
Subject(s)
Acanthamoeba , Acanthamoeba Keratitis , Adult , Animals , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Adult , Dermatomycoses/pathology , Humans , Male , Remission, Spontaneous , Sporotrichosis/pathologyABSTRACT
Seventy five diabetic foot ulcers were cultured using optimal aerobic and anaerobic microbiologic techniques. There were a total of 223 isolates (162 aerobes and 61 anaerobes) representing an average of 2.97 bacterial species per specimen. Mixed organisms were the most common isolates. Staphylococcus aureus was the commonest isolate being recovered in 60% of cases. Anaerobic organisms were isolated in 46 patients (61.33%) and the most frequent anaerobe isolated was Bacteroides fragilis. The other organisms predominantly isolated were Proteus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Peptoccus and Clostridia. Antibiogram showed discouraging pattern with commonly used antibiotics. Metronidazole and gentamicin were the most effective antimicrobial agents against anaerobic and aerobic organisms respectively. Appreciation of the causative organisms in diabetic foot and their antibiotic sensitivity is essential for institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy.